Nitrate and Nitrite in Drinking Water

As tenants, homeowners, and parents, reports about nitrate and nitrite in drinking water are likely already familiar. Water contamination by these substances is also a concern in Switzerland, prompting many to ask what steps can be taken against it.

Overview of the Contamination

This guide provides key information

Switzerland's drinking water quality is high by international standards. However, measurements indicate that nitrates and nitrites can also appear in concerning amounts here. Agriculture, manure, and other substances contribute to water not being entirely pure, which can be problematic in the long term.

Recent studies show that nitrate and nitrite levels in drinking water are increasing. Intensive agriculture is considered the main cause. Despite Switzerland's excellent water quality reputation, many samples reveal these contaminants, indicating a need for a long-term solution.

How Dangerous Are Nitrate and Nitrite in Water?

Regulatory Monitoring and Limits

The quality of tap and groundwater is monitored by authorities. If nitrate and nitrite levels exceed limits, measures must be taken, and the public informed. Local water suppliers implement programs to reduce nitrate pollution, though success has been limited so far.

Generally, amounts under 50 mg/l are considered harmless for adults. Daily intake also primarily comes from food.

Special Caution for Infants

For infants, the limit is only 10 mg/l—exceeding this poses health risks. In such cases, bottled water is often recommended. More information here.

Risk of Oxygen Deficiency

Special caution is needed for infants and during pregnancy: Nitrite can convert hemoglobin into methemoglobin, which cannot transport oxygen. This leads to oxygen deficiency in organs like the heart and brain, potentially fatal in severe cases. Adults are less susceptible to this risk.

Suspected Carcinogenic Effects

Nitrate and nitrite can combine with amines to form nitrosamines—some of which are considered potentially carcinogenic. Studies are ongoing, and conclusive evidence is still lacking.

Water Analyses as a Solution

A water analysis can reliably detect contaminants in drinking water. Laboratory tests reveal whether limits are exceeded and provide detailed information on water quality—no prior knowledge required.

How the Analysis Works

You order a test kit, collect a water sample using the provided materials, and send it back to the lab. The analysis takes about three weeks. Afterwards, you receive a comprehensive report with all measurements. More information on the process.

Environmental Impact

Agriculture is the main contributor to elevated nitrate and nitrite levels: Manure seeps into the soil and reaches drinking water. To protect yourself and your family, consider water analyses to detect potential risks early. Test now.